Nigerians are being cautioned against the rising trend of getting tattoos, with oncologists and haematologists highlighting a potential link to an increased risk of blood cancers, particularly lymphoma.
Experts speaking to PUNCH Healthwise explained that certain chemicals in tattoo inks, including polyaromatic hydrocarbons known for their carcinogenic properties, could contribute to developing these blood cancers. These chemicals may trigger an immune reaction, leading to the development of lymphoma.
The 2024 Ojude Oba Day celebration drew significant social media attention, notably featuring cancer survivor Farooq Oreagba. Oreagba, adorned in aso-oke agbada and riding a horse, displayed a striking tattoo on his arm, which sparked interest among many Nigerians.
However, medical professionals quickly advised caution. They explained that tattooing involves injecting ink under the skin, where it can migrate to the lymphatic system and lymph nodes. The presence of carcinogenic substances in these inks can lead to genetic damage and cellular changes, potentially resulting in lymphoma.
Dr. Charles Okwonna, a consultant clinical oncologist at St. Luke’s Cancer Centre in the UK, noted that the risk of developing blood cancers is higher for tattoos placed near lymph nodes, such as the neck, armpits, and groin. He emphasized that the quality of ink and the tattooing process significantly influence the risk.
Okwonna stated, “Tattoo increases the risk of blood cancers, especially lymphomas. The ink used in tattoos contains carcinogenic chemicals like polyaromatic hydrocarbons. These chemicals can cause an immune reaction that over time may transform into a malignant condition.”
He highlighted the importance of the ink’s quality and the skill of the tattoo artist. Cheaper inks with more impurities may increase cancer risks.
Dr. Olaniyi Owoeye, a consultant haematologist and lecturer at Olabisi Onabanjo University, confirmed that tattoo inks contain chemicals that can cause genetic damage and lead to blood cancers. He explained that the ink can get into the blood and lymph nodes, where it may cause genetic damage over time, potentially leading to lymphoma.
Owoeye stressed that individual susceptibility varies due to factors like overall immune strength, skin type, and lifestyle behaviors such as smoking. He acknowledged that not everyone with tattoos will develop cancer, but certain individuals may be more susceptible.
Both experts called for stricter regulations within the tattoo industry. They urged the government and relevant agencies to enforce standards ensuring safe ink compositions, professional practices, and post-tattoo health assessments.
A recent study published in eClinicalMedicine found that having a tattoo was associated with a 21 percent higher chance of being diagnosed with lymphoma. The study suggested that tattoos might be a public health concern due to potentially carcinogenic chemicals in some inks.
In conclusion, while tattoos remain popular, particularly among younger populations, awareness of associated health risks is crucial. Individuals considering tattoos should inquire about the chemical constituents of the inks used and opt for safer alternatives to minimize potential health hazards.